فوق لیسانس مترجمی زبان انگلیسی

باعث خوشحالیمه که آمار باز دیدکنندگان امسال از وبلاگم رو بهتون ارایه می کنم. از اینکه به این وبلاگ علاقه نشون می دید ازتون متشکرم و امیدورام مطالب اون تا اندازه ای براتون قابل استفاده باشه.

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Text:

Text is the product of discourse. It is normally used to describe a linguistic record of a communicative event. traditionally it was suggested that text is a piece of written language like poem, novel, a short story, …but a rather broader sense is applied to text in discourse analysis where it is believed that "text may be either written or spoken discourse, so that, for example, the word used in a conversation is a text." (Fairclough1995:4) It should be mentioned that in a stronger argument "texts in contemporary society are increasingly multi-semiotic; texts whose primary semiotic form is language increasingly combine language with other semiotic forms." (Fairclough1995:4) According to Beaugrand and Dressler (1981) (Quoted by Bloor & Bloor 2007: 5) text has some specific features and characteristics among them are coherence, cohesion, informativeness, intertextuality, acceptability, intentionality, and situationality.  

Form and meaning

First we need to know what form means and what is its difference from meaning. Form has been used a lot in linguistics by different linguists. It has been used versus meaning or function. It has also been used in Hallidayan linguistic theory versus meaning and substance. But the meaning of form and content in CDA should be to the point.

Linguistic form consists of "phonological/ grammatical/ lexical characteristics of linguistic units, such as sentences, morphemes, lexemes, nouns, etc." (Crystal 2003:185) In Hallidayan linguistic theory models language is comprised of three interdependent levels of form, substance and meaning. Catford believes "language is form not substance" (Catford????:3) that encompasses phonology, graphology, grammar and lexis.